Unequivocally, Raspberry Pi. Read more...
PS: Not so fast. At the moment of original writing, a suitable Pi cost about $35, at the moment of writing of this, it is about x4 that. So let's revert to the original text that said "Any UNIX will do".
All currently manufactured 1-Wire devices are supported. Most of devices that are directly usable have already been verified to work. If in doubt, contact Home Climate Control Forum;
Various DS2408 based relay boards;
Any hardware that can deliver its readings via stdout is supported. This includes all devices supported by lm_sensors, hddtemp, and vcgencmd;
XBee ZB based switches and sensors;
Pimoroni Automation HAT - product of choice for wired switches;
Most of sensors and switches exportable from Home Assistant, via MQTT integration.
Serial 1-Wire adapter (both pure serial and USB to serial such as LinkUSB is currently natively supported;
Pure USB 1-Wire adapter (such as DS9490) is NOT supported;
All servo controllers supported by Servomaster project are supported natively. This includes some historical Phidgets, most Pololu and Parallax controllers and some others in compatibility mode.
Cables Unlimited USB-2920 USB 2.0 to Serial DB9 Adapter or any other FTDI based USB to serial adapter;
SABRENT SBT-USC1K USB to Serial (9-pin) DB-9 RS-232 Adapter Cable - supported, but not recommended, as well as other Prolific (PL2303) or Silicon Labs (CP210x) based adapters in general - they lack serial numbers, and having more than one adapter on the same host will be messy.
How To Get Your Hardware Supported
Three ways:
Wait until project contributors become interested in your hardware and support it;
Donate the hardware so project contributors can provide and test support for it;
Make a donation so project contributors can exercise their discretion and choose what hardware to support so you can reap the benefits.